| Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people‘s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.
Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.
These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community‘s population size and its social heterogeneity ( 多样性 ). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广者的 ) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.
36、Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?
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【正确答案】
A
A) Two contrasting views are presented.
B) An argument is examined and possible solutions given.
C) Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.
D) A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.
37、According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents______.
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【正确答案】
B
A) did not have the same interests as their neighbors
B) could not develop long-standing relationships
C) tended to be associated with bad behavior
D) usually had more friends
38、One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors____.
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【正确答案】
C
A) disrupt people‘s natural relations
B) make them worry about crime
C) cause them not to show concern for one another
D) cause them to be suspicious of each other
39、It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is,______.
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【正确答案】
C
A) the better its quality of life
B) the more similar its interests
C) the more tolerant and open-minded it is
D) the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress
40、What is the passage mainly about?
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【正确答案】
A
A) Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellers.
B) Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.
C) The positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.
D) The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.
41、The lady in this strange tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness. Her plot against a completely innocent old man is a clear sign of________.
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【正确答案】
B
A) impulse
B) insanity
C) inspiration
D) disposition
42、The Prime Minister was followed by five or six _______ when he got off the plane.
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【正确答案】
D
A) laymen
B) servants
C) directors
D) attendants
43、There is no doubt that the ________ of these goods to the others is easy to see.
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【正确答案】
B
A) prestige
B) superiority
C) priority
D) publicity
44、All the guests were invited to attend the wedding ________ and had a very good time.
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【正确答案】
A
A) feast
B) congratulations
C) festival
D) recreation
45、The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight _______ are.
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【正确答案】
B
A) payments
B) charges
C) funds
D) prices
46、The manager gave her his ________ that her complaint would be investigated.
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【正确答案】
A
A) assurance
B) assumption
C) sanction
D) insurance
47、Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close________.
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【正确答案】
C
A) temperament
B) contamination
C) scrutiny
D) symmetry
48、We are doing this work in the _________ of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.
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【正确答案】
A
A) context
B) contest
C) pretext
D) texture
49、While a full understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away, ________ leading to a successful treatment could come much sooner.
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【正确答案】
B
A) a distinction
B) a breakthrough
C) an identification
D) an interpretation
50、Doctors are often caught in a _________ because they have to decide whether they should tell their patients the truth or not.
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【正确答案】
C
A) puzzle
B) perplexity
C) dilemma
D) bewilderment
51、To ________ important dates in history, countries create special holidays.
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【正确答案】
D
A) commend
B) memorize
C) propagate
D) commemorate
52、His successful negotiations with the Americans helped him to _________ his position in he government.
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【正确答案】
B
A) contrive
B) consolidate
C) heave
D) intensify
53、Please do not be ________ by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying to attract attention.
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【正确答案】
C
A) distracted
B) disregarded
C) irritated
D) intervened
54、Once you get to know your mistakes, you should __________ them as soon as possible.
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【正确答案】
A
A) rectify
B) reclaim
C) refrain
D) reckon
55、He wouldn‘t answer the reporters‘ questions, nor would he __________ for a photograph.
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【正确答案】
C
A) summon
B) highlight
C) pose
D) marshal
56、The club will ________ new members the first week in September.
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【正确答案】
A
A) enroll
B) subscribe
C) absorb
D) register
57、If you don‘t ________ the children properly, Mr. Chiver, they‘ll just run riot.
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【正确答案】
D
A) mobilize
B) warrant
C) manipulate
D) supervise
58、Already the class is ________ about who our new teacher will be.
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【正确答案】
B
A) foreseeing
B) speculating
C) fabricating
D) contemplating
59、We should ________ our energy and youth to the development of our country.
（本题分值：0.5分）
【正确答案】
A
A) dedicate
B) cater
C) ascribe
D) cling
60、Just because I‘m ________ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around without showing me any respect.
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【正确答案】
D
A) redundant
B) trivial
C) versatile
D) subordinate
61、Many scientists remain ________ about the value of this research program.
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【正确答案】
A
A) sceptical
B) stationary
C) spacious
D) specific
62、Depression is often caused by the ________ effects of stress and overwork..
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【正确答案】
D
A) total
B) increased
C) terrific
D) cumulative
63、A human‘s eyesight is not as ________ as that of an eagle.
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【正确答案】
B
A) eccentric
B) acute
C) sensible
D) sensitive
64、It is ________ that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work.
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【正确答案】
B
A) abrupt
B) absurd
C) adverse
D) addictive
65、Shoes of this kind are ________ to slip on wet ground.
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【正确答案】
C
A) feasible
B) appropriate
C) apt
D) fitting
66、We‘ll be very careful and keep what you‘ve told us strictly________.
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【正确答案】
B
A) rigorous
B) confidential
C) private
D) mysterious
67、The members of Parliament were ________ that the government had not consulted them.
（本题分值：0.5分）
【正确答案】
D
A) impatient
B) tolerant
C) crude
D) indignant
68、Some American colleges are state-supported, others are privately _______ , and still others are supported by religious organizations.
（本题分值：0.5分）
【正确答案】
D
A) ensured
B) attributed
C) authorized
D) endowed
69、The prison guards were armed and ready to shoot if _______ in any way.
（本题分值：0.5分）
【正确答案】
C
A) intervened
B) incurred
C) provoked
D) poked
70、Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _______.
（本题分值：0.5分）
【正确答案】
A
A) drawbacks
B) handicaps
C) bruises
D) blunders
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