A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.
36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because ______.
(A) personal health choices help cure most illness
(B) it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge
(C) it is essential to personal freedom in American society
(D) wrong decisions could lead to poor health
37. To "live a completely sedentary life-style" (Line 7, Para. 1) in the passage means _____.
(A) to "live an inactive life"
(B) to "live a decent life"
(C) to "live a life with complete freedom"
(D) to "live a life of vice"
38. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because _____.
(A) current medical knowledge is still insufficient
(B) there are many factors influencing our decisions
(C) few people are willing to trade the quality of life
(D) people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends
39. To knowingly allow oneself to purse unhealthy habits is compared by Fried and Crapo to _____.
(A) improving the quality of one's life
(B) limiting one's personal health choice
(C) deliberately ending one's life
(D) breaking the rules of social behavior
40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on _____.
(A) personal decisions
(B) society's laws
(C) statistical evidence
(D) friends' opinions
Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
41. The company ____ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.
(A) is promised (B) has been promising (C) is promising (D) promised
42. The doctor was asked to go back to the hospital because of _____ case.
(A) an operation (B) an emergency (C) a treatment (D) an incident
43. Life is a candle ____ to burn ever brighter.
(A) being meant (B) meaning (C) to mean (D) meant
44. Mrs. Lackey was awakened by the ringing of the bedside phone 12 hours after her husband's boat had been _____.
(A) wrecked (B) collapsed (C) decayed (D) fired
45. No one needs to feel awkward in _____ his own customs.
(A) Pursuing (B) following (C) chasing (D) seeking
46. It's time _____ about the traffic problem downtown.
(A) something was done (B) everything is done (C) anything will be done (D) nothing to be done
47. When they had finished playing, the children were made to ____ all the toys they had taken out.
(A) put off (B) put out (C) put up (D) put away
48. There is an undesirable ____ nowadays to make films showing violence.
(A) direction (B) tradition (C) phenomenon (D) trend
49. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there.
(A) not to go (B) hadn't gone (C) not go (D) wouldn't go
50. Most people who travel in the course of their work are given travelling _____.
(A) income (B) allowances (C) wages (D) pay
51. He failed to supply the facts relevant ____ the case in question.
(A) for (B) with (C) to (D) of
52. Young people's social environment has a _____ effect on their academic progress.
(A) gross (B) solid (C) complete (D) profound
53. In Britain, and on the Continent too, the Japanese are sometimes viewed _____ a threat to domestic industries.
(A) like (B) with (C) for (D) as
54. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six ______ libraries specially serve the countryside.
(A) Mobile (B) drifting (C) shifting (D) rotating
55. Physics is the present-day equivalent of _____ used to be called natural philosophy, from which most of present-day science arose.
(A) that (B) all (C) which (D) what
56. Before he started work, I asked the builder to give me an _____ of the cost of repairing the roof.
(A) assessment (B) estimate (C) announcement (D) evaluation
57. We often advise him not to drink more wine _____ is good for his health.
(A) as (B) than (C) that (D) but
58. When Jack was eighteen he _____ going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late.
(A) took to (B) took for (C) took up (D) took on
59. Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the government's _____ policies.
(A) economical (B) economy (C) economic (D) economics
60. We grow all our own fruit and vegetables, ____ saves money, of course.
(A) which (B) as (C) that (D) what
61. It is rather ____ that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.
(A) misleading (B) embarrassing (C) boring (D) demanding
62. _____ is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.
(A) It is the sun and not the earth (B) Being the sun and not the earth
(B) The sun and not the earth (D) That the sun and not the earth
63. A friendship may be _____, casual, situational or deep and lasting.
(A) identical (B) original (C) superficial (D) critical
64. Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks, _____ the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words.
(A) as (B) thus (C) so (D) like
65. A good teacher must know how to _____ his ideas.
(A) convey (B) display (C) consult (D) confront
66. I'd rather you _____ those important documents with you.
(A) don't take (B) didn't take (C) won't take (D) not take
67. To call the music of another music-culture "primitive" is ____ one's own standards on a group that does not recognize them.
(A) putting (B) emphasizing (C) forcing (D) imposing
68. The prisoner has been ____ of many privileges that average citizens enjoy.
(A) ensured (B) informed (C) deprived (D) convinced
69. Every camera we sell comes with a two-year _____.
(A) guarantee (B) safety (C) confirmation (D) conservation
70. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded _____ the nurse Florence Nightingale.
(A) in line with (B) in favour of (C) in honour of (D) in place of
Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)
Example:
Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. Many of the 1. time
arguments having used for the study of literature as a school subject are valid 2. /
for ^ study of television. 3. the
Living is risky. Crossing the road, driving a car, flying, swallowing
an aspirin tablet or eating a chicken sandwich they can all be fatal. Clearly
some risks worth taking, especially when the rewards are high: a man
surrounded by flames and smoke generally considers that jumping out of a
second-floor window is an acceptable risk to save its life. But in medicine 72. _________
a few procedures, drugs, operations or tests are really a matter of life and 73. _________ |
