| 第四节 数 词（3-3~4-1）
大纲要求
基数词及其用法；序数词的构成及其用法；分数词的构成；小数的用法。
一、基数词及其主要用法
表示数目的词称基数词。15 fifteen，几百几千不加s，242 two hundred and forty-two，5058 five thousand and fifty-eight，9，600，000 nine million six hundred thousand
1.基数词可以用于数字的计算。
6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen.
9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.
7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five.
8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.
2.基数词可以表示人的大致年龄和年代。
He died in his fifties.
This took place in 1990s/1990s.
The professor became successful in his thirties.
3.基数词可以用来表达年份、时间、电话号码。
1700 seventeen hundred
1814 eighteen fourteen
9：20 nine twenty
11：30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven
5：45 five forty-five/ a quarter to six
88760231 eight eight seven， six zero two， three one
4.基数词可以用于编号。
Number six， line 4， page 19， Bus（No.） 332， Platform （No.） 5， Room 101
5.基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语。
A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.
This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words.
（The baby is eleven months old.）
The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework.
（There are four thousand words in the essay.）
This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand.
（There are four paragraphs in this essay. ）
二、序数词及其主要用法
表示顺序的词称为序数词。如first， second， third， fourth， ninth， twenty-first， forty-fifth等。
序数词可以用来表示日期和世纪。May the first / the first of May（5.1）， August the eighth / the eighth of August（8.8）， the twentieth century， the twenty-first century
序数词在句子中前面一般加the
The first of October is our National Day.
She was the third to arrive.
序数词在句子中前面加不定冠词，表示“再一”又一“。
Theyll have to do it a second time.
Shall I ask him a third time？
When he sat down ， a fourth man rose to ask.
三、分数词的构成
分数的分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，若分子大于1，分母需用复数。
two-thirds（2/3），one-third（1/3）， nine-tenths （9/10）， five-twelfths（5/12）。
特殊表达法有：one half （1/2），a quarter （1/4）， three quarters （3/4） .
考试重点
基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语，名词不能加s.
数词部分需特别注意dozen， hundred， million， billion 等词。表示具体数字时，这些词用单数形式，表示不具体的数字时，须用dozens of， hundreds of 这类的结构。
I want three dozen of these.
He has been there dozens of times.
It is reported that _____ people in this area were saved in the storm.
A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. some hundreds
（答案 C）
当数词与名词及其他词构成合成形容词时，合成形容词中间若用连字符，则其中的名词须用单数形式。
The homework for the next period is to write a two-hundred-word composition about your hometown.
Mary is a eleven-year-old girl.
（Mary is eleven years old.）
典型例题
1. In ______ century computers will be used more widely.
A. twenty-one B. the twenty-one C. twenty-first D. the twenty-first
序数词前加the.
答案 D
2. The meeting will be held in _______ .
A. 112 Room B. Room 112 C. the 112 Room D. the Room 112
答案 B
3. The Great Wall of China is about 6，700 _______.
A. kilometer long B. kilometers long
C. kilometer longer D. kilometers longer
答案 B
4. “How many presidents were there before Abraham Lincoln？”
“Fifteen， so he was ______.”
A. the sixteen president B. the sixteenth president
C. president sixteen D. president the sixteenth
the sixteenth president 第十六任总统
答案 B
5. “What did the professor tell you to do？”
“I had to write a ______ report. ”
A. two thousand words B. two-thousands-word
C. two-thousand-word D. two-thousand words
答案 C
6. “Did you buy anything at the clothing sale？”
“Yes， I bought three _____ ties for just twelve dollars.”
A. five dollars B. five-dollars C. five-dollar D. fifth dollar
答案 C
7. Eight minus three _______ five.
A. leave B. leaves C. left D. has left
一般现在时
答案 B
8. What date is it ？ Its ________.
A. July twentieth-first B. July the twenty-first
C. the twenty-first of July D. Both B and C
7月21日：July the twenty-first
the twenty-first of July
答案：D
9. When he was in his ________， he got the chance to go abroad to study.
A. forty B. fortys
C. fortys years old D. forties
答案：D
10. “Rex told me you have moved.”
“Yes， into a _______.”
A. two-storey house B. house of two story
C. house of two stories D. two-stories house
答案：A
11. “I would like to register this letter.”
“Please go to _______ on your left.”
A. third window B. window third
C. the window three D. the third window
register 挂号，邮寄
答案：D |
